This is the story of the second ship to bear the name HMS Cossack.

Originally ordered by Russia for the Black Sea Fleet in December 1852 at a cost of 290,000 silver roubles, the ship was sold to the Hamburg trading house of Henry Mersk & Co. when relations between Britain and Russia deteriorated, as Russia feared possible confiscation.

The original contract price for the vessel, then named Witjas (Cossack), was £46,198, including £16,750 for machinery. The Admiralty subsequently paid the contractors £9,591 to complete the contract (of which £4,187 was for machinery), plus £751 for tonnage exceeding the specification and £2,206 for modifications for His Majesty’s service. The ship remained in service until 1875.

Year by Year

Discover the history of the HMS Cossack from 1854 to 1875.

You can search the ‘year’ and ‘month’ to find a specific date and also ‘click’ on the date itself to reveal any images and moments from that date.

15 December 1869

At Anchor. Wind NE force 3 reducing to 2..

0800 rove messenger. Shortened in cable, made sail to Top sails and Top gallant sails.

0845. Weighed anchor and made sail on starboard tack. Mustered at General Quarters.

1030. Working to windward to clear Hog Point. Carpenters making capstan top.

1100 Tacked. Employed unreving anchor gear.

1230 Tacked. Cutlass men of watch at drill.

1530 Tacked.

1645 Quarters. Tacked

1725 commenced steaming. Tacked. In Top gallant sails.

1830. Tacked..

1900 Tacked. Set…

At Anchor. Wind NE force 3 reducing to 2..

0800 rove messenger. Shortened in cable, made sail to Top sails and Top gallant sails.

0845. Weighed anchor and made sail on starboard tack. Mustered at General Quarters.

1030. Working to windward to clear Hog Point. Carpenters making capstan top.

1100 Tacked. Employed unreving anchor gear.

1230 Tacked. Cutlass men of watch at drill.

1530 Tacked.

1645 Quarters. Tacked

1725 commenced steaming. Tacked. In Top gallant sails.

1830. Tacked..

1900 Tacked. Set Forward and main Top gallant sails.

2130 Set Main topsail, stopped steaming.

1800. East of Zanzibar S14E. North end of Moina S43W. Course South easterly

16 December 1869

Latitude 6.19S longitude 40.35E.  Course South easterly. Wind NE force 2 increasing to 4.  Speed through the water 4 knots. Barometer 29.95

0050 Rounded in.

0105 Drew fires forward. 0117 Commenced steaming.

0522 Stopped steaming.

0900. Quarters and prayers. Marines at rifle drill. Employed making mats. Carpenters making Scotsmen.

1250. Course SE by S. Employed making and mending clothes. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

1855 In Top gallant sails and first reef of Topsails. Latitude by Mir alt of m…

Latitude 6.19S longitude 40.35E.  Course South easterly. Wind NE force 2 increasing to 4.  Speed through the water 4 knots. Barometer 29.95

0050 Rounded in.

0105 Drew fires forward. 0117 Commenced steaming.

0522 Stopped steaming.

0900. Quarters and prayers. Marines at rifle drill. Employed making mats. Carpenters making Scotsmen.

1250. Course SE by S. Employed making and mending clothes. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

1855 In Top gallant sails and first reef of Topsails. Latitude by Mir alt of moon 7.48S.

17 December 1869

Latitude 8.12S. longitude 42.4E. Pornony bearing S30E 202 nautical miles. Course South easterly. Wind North easterly force 4 to 5 decreasing 3 to 2.

AM latitude by Mir Alt. of  Castor 7.36S.

0630 Out reefs. Set forward and main Top gallant sails.

0900 Quarters. Prayers. Small arms men of watch at rifle drill firing blank cartridge. Sailmakers repairing awnings and windlass. Carpenters making Scotchmen.

1245 course SE by ½ E.. second and fourth guns crews at cutlass drill.

1500 Set p[ort top ma…

Latitude 8.12S. longitude 42.4E. Pornony bearing S30E 202 nautical miles. Course South easterly. Wind North easterly force 4 to 5 decreasing 3 to 2.

AM latitude by Mir Alt. of  Castor 7.36S.

0630 Out reefs. Set forward and main Top gallant sails.

0900 Quarters. Prayers. Small arms men of watch at rifle drill firing blank cartridge. Sailmakers repairing awnings and windlass. Carpenters making Scotchmen.

1245 course SE by ½ E.. second and fourth guns crews at cutlass drill.

1500 Set p[ort top mast and Top gallant studsails.

1645. Mustered at Quarters. Shifted courses.

2200 latitude by Mir alt  Aldefram 9.5S.

18 December 1869

Latitude 10.7S. Longitude 42.39E.  Course South easterly. Wind ene by E changing to NE by E force 3.

AM Employed cleaning ship.

1115 Braced in.

1410 Braced forward in Top gallant stud sails. Continued to clean ship.

1645. Mustered at Quarters.

2230 latitude by Capella 10.40S.

Capella is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga, the sixth brightest in the night sky and the third brightest in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus and Vega. Its name is derived from the diminutive…

Latitude 10.7S. Longitude 42.39E.  Course South easterly. Wind ene by E changing to NE by E force 3.

AM Employed cleaning ship.

1115 Braced in.

1410 Braced forward in Top gallant stud sails. Continued to clean ship.

1645. Mustered at Quarters.

2230 latitude by Capella 10.40S.

Capella is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga, the sixth brightest in the night sky and the third brightest in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus and Vega. Its name is derived from the diminutive of the Latin feminine capra “goat”, hence “little she goat”. Capella also bears the Bayer designation Alpha Aurigae (often abbreviated to α Aurigae, α Aur or Alpha Aur). Although it appears to be a single star to the naked eye, it is actually a star system of four stars in two binary pairs. The first pair consists of two bright, type-G giant stars, designated Capella Aa and Capella Ab, in a very tight circular orbit some 0.76 AU apart and a derived orbital period of 104 days.

Capella Aa is the brighter of the two at spectral class G8III (G8 Giant) whereas Ab is slightly smaller and of spectral class G0III (G0 Giant). Aa has a calculated mass of 3.05 times that of the Sun and Ab some 2.57 times that of the Sun. These two stars have both exhausted their core hydrogen fuel and become giant stars, though it is unclear exactly what stage they are on the stellar evolutionary pathway. The second pair, around 10,000 astronomical units from the first, consists of two faint, small and relatively cool red dwarfs. They are designated Capella H and Capella L. The stars labelled Capella C through to G and I through to K are actually unrelated stars in the same visual field. The Capella system is relatively close, at only 42.8 light-years (13.1 pc) from Earth.

19 December 1869

Latitude 11.2S. Longitude 43.42E. On course from Hog Point to Johanna. Wind NE by E changing to ENE force 3  to 2 then increasing to 3 to 4..

0500 observed Comoro Island BJ Se by S.

0545. Reset sails.

0715 braced forwards. Course SE by E.

0900.In topmast stud sails. Set Spanker.

0930 tacked.

0945 Mustered by the Open List. Issued Slops to Ships company. Preformed Divine Service.

1140 Tacked.

1645 Mustered at Quarters.

1845 tacked.

20 December 1869

Latitude 12.23 S Longitude 42.46 E. Course N by E until 0118 and then south easterly. Wind ENE changing to NE by E force2 to 3 dying to 0 at midnight.

0118 tacked. Daybreak observed Comos Island SE by S. Set Mizzen and Top gallant sail. Crossed Royal yards and set Royals plus Flying jib.

0900 Mustered art Quarters. Prayers. Pistolmen of watch firing at target. Employed making sennit gaskets.

1245. Altered course to SSE.

1300 Course SE by E.

1315. Rounded in and set port top  stud sail and Top g…

Latitude 12.23 S Longitude 42.46 E. Course N by E until 0118 and then south easterly. Wind ENE changing to NE by E force2 to 3 dying to 0 at midnight.

0118 tacked. Daybreak observed Comos Island SE by S. Set Mizzen and Top gallant sail. Crossed Royal yards and set Royals plus Flying jib.

0900 Mustered art Quarters. Prayers. Pistolmen of watch firing at target. Employed making sennit gaskets.

1245. Altered course to SSE.

1300 Course SE by E.

1315. Rounded in and set port top  stud sail and Top gallant stud sails.

1500 In studsails and braced forward. Midshipmen at cutlass drill.

1555 course South. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

2130 Up Courses. 2145. Exercised at night quarters firing blank cartridges.

2015. Shortened and furled sails. Lit fires.

2330. Commenced steaming.

21 December 1869

Latitude 12.6S Longitude 43.40E.  Pomony bearing ESE 46 miles. Course Easterly changing to South easterly. Wind  calm from ENE. Barometer at noon 30.09 inches. Temperature 85F.

0045 Course ESE.

0500 Observed Mohilla bearing SE ½ S and Johanna bearing SE by ½ E.

0630 Set fore and aft sails.

0800 steaming.

0900 Mustered at Quarters. Prayers. Exercised Number 1 Company of small arms men at drill. In fore and aft sails. Carpenters altering model and making scotsmen.

PM. Bow and odd guns crews of…

Latitude 12.6S Longitude 43.40E.  Pomony bearing ESE 46 miles. Course Easterly changing to South easterly. Wind  calm from ENE. Barometer at noon 30.09 inches. Temperature 85F.

0045 Course ESE.

0500 Observed Mohilla bearing SE ½ S and Johanna bearing SE by ½ E.

0630 Set fore and aft sails.

0800 steaming.

0900 Mustered at Quarters. Prayers. Exercised Number 1 Company of small arms men at drill. In fore and aft sails. Carpenters altering model and making scotsmen.

PM. Bow and odd guns crews of watch at cutlass drill. Boys and 2nd class ordinaries at seamanship. Sailmakers altering Quarterdeck awning.

1645. Mustered at Quarters.

1845 course SE by E.

2300 Stopped steaming. Set Jib and main trysail.

22 December 1869

W before for mooring. Wind calm with broken cloud before increasing to 1 to 3 from NE at midnight.

0400 Saddle Island NE by N.

0525. Progressed under steam on course E by N ½ N.

0545. In Main trysail and Jib. Squared yards. Came to on sandy bottom in 9 fathoms – veered to 9 shackles. Let go in broken bottom in 11 fathoms. Moored ship with 50 fathoms on port cable and 52 fathoms on starboard cable. Out boom boats.  Anchor bearing Outer beacon N 11 E. Large tree landing place S72E. Sunley’s …

W before for mooring. Wind calm with broken cloud before increasing to 1 to 3 from NE at midnight.

0400 Saddle Island NE by N.

0525. Progressed under steam on course E by N ½ N.

0545. In Main trysail and Jib. Squared yards. Came to on sandy bottom in 9 fathoms – veered to 9 shackles. Let go in broken bottom in 11 fathoms. Moored ship with 50 fathoms on port cable and 52 fathoms on starboard cable. Out boom boats.  Anchor bearing Outer beacon N 11 E. Large tree landing place S72E. Sunley’s chimney S40E.

1330. Manned and armed boats. Boats away firing shot and shell. Shifted berth with steam. Moored with 2 ½ shackles on broken bottom and 6 ¾ on sandy bottom.

1800 down upper yards.

1915 Observed Camaro Mountain burning.

See extract below from “The Seaman’s Guide to the Navigation of the Indian ocean and China Sea” by William Henry Rosser and James Fredrick Imray 1867

23 December 1869

Moored. Wind calm.

0515. Camaro still burning.

0800 Crossed Royal yards. Loosed sails.

0915 Quarters and prayers. Marines at rifle drill. Furled sails. Down royal yards. Employed strapping blocks.

PM. Making and mending clothes. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

1900 Camaros in state of eruption.

24 December 1869

Moored. Wind calm with broken cloud. Barometer 30.0f inches. Temperature 84F. Daylight Camaros still burning. Cleaned ship.

PM. Continued to clean ship. Received sugar.

1715 Mustered at Quarters. Seining party away.

25 December 1869

(Saturday) Moored Wind calm with broken cloud. Temperature 85F.

1000 Mustered by divisions and performed Divine Service.

1715 Mustered at Quarters.

26 December 1869

Wind calm to force 1.

AM Mustered by divisions and performed Divine Service.

1715 Mustered at Quarters. In boom boats. Rove messenger.

27 December 1869

In Pomony Harbour. Wind calm increasing to force 4.

0400. Hove in to 1 shackle on broken bottom and veered to 8 on sandy bottom..

0715 Lit fires in port boiler.

0815 Unmoored.

0845 Weighed and proceeded under steam  out of harbour. Course northerly Exercised at General Quarters firing shell and cartridge at a target.

1145 Proceeded to Round Saddle Island.

1315 Set fore and main Trysail. Pointed yards to wind. Set Foresail and Spanker. Carpenters making scotchmen for guns.

1650 Mustered at Quart…

In Pomony Harbour. Wind calm increasing to force 4.

0400. Hove in to 1 shackle on broken bottom and veered to 8 on sandy bottom..

0715 Lit fires in port boiler.

0815 Unmoored.

0845 Weighed and proceeded under steam  out of harbour. Course northerly Exercised at General Quarters firing shell and cartridge at a target.

1145 Proceeded to Round Saddle Island.

1315 Set fore and main Trysail. Pointed yards to wind. Set Foresail and Spanker. Carpenters making scotchmen for guns.

1650 Mustered at Quarters. Issued clean hammocks.

2045 Down Flying jib.

28 December 1869

Latitude 10.55S longitude 44.25E. wind North easterly force 1 to 2. Course Northerly.

0300 Tacked. Lightening from NW to W.

0400 up chain cable for survey.. Daylight – Camaros WSW.

0750 Tacked.

0920 In fore and aft sails . Up Foresail course NE by E. Employed surveying chain cable, cleaning and white washing chain locker.. Stowed chain locker..

PM Scrubbed hammocks.

2200 Braced round.

29 December 1869

Latitude9.52 S. Longitude 44.41 E. Wind NE by N force 1 to 2 becoming calm. Course NE by E.

0400. Steaming.

0800. Prayers. Exercised at General Quarters. Making swabs, stoppers and fixing new Spanker boom topping lift. Sailmakers making covers for netting lockers. Blacksmith making tye bands. (A chain which forms part of the purchase used for hoisting the Topsail and Top gallant yards.)

1230. Course NE. Boys of watch at gun drill. Watch making sennit etc..

1645 Mustered by Divisions. Inspected c…

Latitude9.52 S. Longitude 44.41 E. Wind NE by N force 1 to 2 becoming calm. Course NE by E.

0400. Steaming.

0800. Prayers. Exercised at General Quarters. Making swabs, stoppers and fixing new Spanker boom topping lift. Sailmakers making covers for netting lockers. Blacksmith making tye bands. (A chain which forms part of the purchase used for hoisting the Topsail and Top gallant yards.)

1230. Course NE. Boys of watch at gun drill. Watch making sennit etc..

1645 Mustered by Divisions. Inspected clean hammocks. Exercised at Fire Quarters.

30 December 1869

Latitude 8.41 S. Longitude 45.34 E. Wind NW calm to 1. Course North easterly.

0900 Mustered at Quarters and prayers.

0925 Stopped steaming. Crossed Royal yards and made all plain sail save Spanker. Artificers making good deficits.

1100 Trimmed forward.

PM employed making and mending clothes.

1730 Set Driver. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

2245. In Royals and Forward jib. In spanker. Up Courses.

31 December 1869

Latitude 8.21 S. Longitude 45.59 E. Wind North westerly calm increasing to force 4 at Midnight. Course Northerly until 2100 then SE ½ S.

AM split Fore top gallant sails which were brought in.

0730 Shifted fore top gallant sail. In Main and Main top gallant sail..

0810 Set  upper sails and Forward jib. Mustered at Quarters and prayers.  Read Articles of War and Warrants. Set courses. First company of small arms men at rifle drill.

PM Paid ship’s company money. Bow and odd guns crews of the w…

Latitude 8.21 S. Longitude 45.59 E. Wind North westerly calm increasing to force 4 at Midnight. Course Northerly until 2100 then SE ½ S.

AM split Fore top gallant sails which were brought in.

0730 Shifted fore top gallant sail. In Main and Main top gallant sail..

0810 Set  upper sails and Forward jib. Mustered at Quarters and prayers.  Read Articles of War and Warrants. Set courses. First company of small arms men at rifle drill.

PM Paid ship’s company money. Bow and odd guns crews of the watch and boys at cutlass drill. Artificers making good small defects.

1515. Set Port top and starboard Top gallant stud sails. Heavy swell from NNW.. Mustered at Quarters. In upper sails. Down Topmast stud sails. Braced round.

2045 Braced rotund.

01 January 1870

Latitude 8.16 S. longitude 4.8 E. Light winds from the East changing to West force 2 at 0800, NW  force 1 at midday, calm an hour later before coming from the East force2 at 1600. The direction was SE force 2 at 2000, West force 2 at 2200 and force 1 from the NW at Midnight.  Course Northerly.

0030 Set Foresail and wore. Set Top gallants sails and Royals. Forward jib.

0200 Drew fires..

0300 In upper sails and up foresail.

0730 Wore.

0810 Set Top gallant sails and Royals, Foresail and lee clew …

Latitude 8.16 S. longitude 4.8 E. Light winds from the East changing to West force 2 at 0800, NW  force 1 at midday, calm an hour later before coming from the East force2 at 1600. The direction was SE force 2 at 2000, West force 2 at 2200 and force 1 from the NW at Midnight.  Course Northerly.

0030 Set Foresail and wore. Set Top gallants sails and Royals. Forward jib.

0200 Drew fires..

0300 In upper sails and up foresail.

0730 Wore.

0810 Set Top gallant sails and Royals, Foresail and lee clew of Mainsail. Employed cleaning ship.

1040 Braced forward. Set Spanker. 1440 Shortened sails to Top sails an Jib.

1515 Braced round and made all plain sail. 15.15. mustered at Quarters.

2115. Up mainsail. In Spanker, Royals and Jib. Braced round to a light breeze from the West.

2355. Braced forward Set.  Mainsail..

02 January 1870

Latitude 7.56 S. Longitude 46.22 E. Wind calm increasing to force 1 from the NNE at 1500 and force  4 from SSE at 1600. Course Northerly to SW.

0130 Up Courses.

0920 Braced round to light airs from SW. Mustered by the Open List. Performed Divine Service.

1420. Braced forward on port tack to light airs from NW. Set courses. Speed 1 knot..

1640 mustered at Quarters.

1815. Taken aback from SE. Up mainsail and braced round. Up Foresail. In Top gallant sails.

2230. Braced round

03 January 1870

Latitude 7.24 S. Longitude 46.47 E. North African Islands N68E 420 miles. Wind West force 1 until 0800 then SW force 1 increasing to force 3 from the west ; then north at 1600. Course Northerly.

0145 Braced round and set Top gallant sails, Foresails and lee clew of mainsail.

0600 set Royals.

0915 mustered at Quarters. Prayers.. Up mainsail. Squared yards, set Top mast and Top gallant stud sails on both sides.

1315 In starboard Stud sails. Braced forward. Course ENE. Rove new main brace purchase.…

Latitude 7.24 S. Longitude 46.47 E. North African Islands N68E 420 miles. Wind West force 1 until 0800 then SW force 1 increasing to force 3 from the west ; then north at 1600. Course Northerly.

0145 Braced round and set Top gallant sails, Foresails and lee clew of mainsail.

0600 set Royals.

0915 mustered at Quarters. Prayers.. Up mainsail. Squared yards, set Top mast and Top gallant stud sails on both sides.

1315 In starboard Stud sails. Braced forward. Course ENE. Rove new main brace purchase. Cutlass men and boys of watch at rifle drill.

1500 In stud sails, Top gallant sails and Royals.. Braced forward. Scrubbed and washed clothes.

1850 Set top gallant sails, Mainsail and Spanker.

Hidden Gems

The Island of Kotka was attacked in 1855, but the garrison had already departed: barracks, stores and magazines etc were destroyed and the squadron left, leaving COSSACK in charge of the Island.

Anchor crest

Receive our newsletters?